Sleep apnea is a serious and often underdiagnosed condition among seniors in Ontario. It causes repeated interruptions in breathing during sleep, leading to fatigue, memory issues, cardiovascular problems, and a higher risk of falls. For elderly residents in retirement homes or long-term care facilities, early diagnosis and proper treatment can make a significant difference in quality of life and overall health. In Ontario, increasing awareness around sleep disorders in the elderly has led to better diagnostic tools and improved access to treatment through public healthcare programs and private senior care facilities.
Recognizing the Symptoms in SeniorsFamily members and caregivers should be alert to common symptoms of sleep apnea in older adults:
Loud or chronic snoring
Gasping or choking during sleep
Morning headaches
Daytime sleepiness or frequent naps
Memory problems or confusion
Irritability or mood swings
These symptoms are often overlooked or mistaken for normal aging, making professional evaluation essential.
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In Ontario, sleep apnea is typically diagnosed through a sleep study, also known as a polysomnography test. This can be performed either at home, using portable monitoring devices or in a specialized sleep clinic.
A referral from a primary care physician is usually required. Fortunately, OHIP (Ontario Health Insurance Plan) covers most diagnostic procedures when prescribed by a doctor.
Once diagnosed, treatment for sleep apnea in seniors often includes:
CPAP Therapy (Continuous Positive Airway Pressure)
BiPAP Machines (for more complex cases)
Positional therapy to improve airflow during sleep
Lifestyle changes, such as weight loss or quitting smoking
Oral appliances (for mild cases or CPAP intolerance)
Ontario retirement homes and long-term care facilities vary in the level of sleep apnea support they offer. Here’s a helpful comparison:
| Support Feature | Retirement Home | Long-Term Care Facility |
|---|---|---|
| CPAP Use Allowed | Yes | Yes |
| Staff Training for Sleep Apnea | Occasional | Frequent & Specialized |
| Assistance with CPAP Setup | Limited | Regularly Provided |
| Nighttime Monitoring | Basic room checks | Enhanced medical monitoring |
| Access to Respiratory Therapists | Occasional (external appointments) | Routine in-house or contracted visits |
CPAP machines and accessories may be partially funded through Ontario’s Assistive Devices Program (ADP).
Sleep studies are covered by OHIP if referred by a doctor.
Some retirement homes may charge extra for CPAP assistance, while long-term care facilities typically include it under health support services.
Yes. If a doctor refers a senior for a sleep study, the test is covered by OHIP, whether it’s done at home or in a sleep lab.
Most do. However, the level of support varies. Some homes offer staff assistance with setup and cleaning, while others expect families to manage the device.
CPAP therapy remains the gold standard, but alternatives like BiPAP machines, oral appliances, and lifestyle changes may be used depending on the severity and the patient’s comfort.
Yes. Chronic sleep apnea reduces oxygen flow to the brain, increasing the risk of cognitive decline, confusion, and even early-onset dementia in some cases.
Start with a family doctor or geriatrician. They can assess symptoms and provide a referral for a sleep study covered by OHIP.
Sleep apnea is a treatable condition that requires proactive diagnosis and support—especially for Ontario seniors in retirement or long-term care. With proper screening, access to public health programs, and informed care partners, families can ensure their loved ones breathe easier and live better.
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